The purpose of this paper is to help countries understand some of the key principles and characteristics of an effective student assessment system. The focus is on assessment of student learning and achievement at the K-12 level.1 The paper extracts principles and guidelines from countries’ experiences, professional testing standards, and the current research base to provide policy makers, development organization staff, and others with a framework and key indicators for diagnosis, discussion, and consensus-building around how to construct a sound student assessment system that supports improved quality and student learning.

Framework for Building an Effective Student Assessment System

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